For men who have sex with men, cellular changes in the genitals and anus, including those caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV), the virus that causes warts, sometimes lead to anal cancer. This is more common in HIV-positive men and especially those with a low CD4 count. Men over 40 should particularly talk to their doctor about getting an anal cancer check.
For women, abnormalities in cervical cells, including those caused by HPV, and cervical cancer can occur regardless of HIV status. They are more common in women with HIV, and can be more invasive. Women with HIV should get a pap smear every year.
Speak to your doctor for more information about these and other types of cancer you may be at higher risk of, and about if a vaccination for HPV would be effective for you.
